目的 以木质平托盘为对象，通过有限元仿真和试验分析影响木质平托盘抗冲击性能的主要因素。方法 用SolidWorks建立木质平托盘的3D模型，利用Abaqus有限元软件，以GB/T 4996—2014为依据进行角跌落试验仿真，分析木质平托盘上木质构件以及托盘钉上产生的应力和位移。为了进行对比，在实验室进行木质平托盘产品的角跌落试验，观察木质平托盘的破坏形式，并测量其对角线长度。结果 有限元仿真与实验室实物试验结果相吻合，验证了有限元仿真分析的正确性和有效性。有限元仿真分析发现钉孔处木质构件和托盘钉产生应力集中并逐渐发生塑性变形，且应力和变形数值随跌落次数的增加而增大，仿真和试验均表明跌落侧纵梁向内侧凹陷且变形最为明显，木质平托盘对角线变化量受跌落次数逐渐变大。结论 木质平托盘抗冲击性能随跌落次数的增加而下降。木质平托盘中木质构件、托盘钉的性能，以及托盘钉紧固件与木质构件的连接强度是决定木质平托盘抗冲击性能的关键因素。

The work aims to analyze the main factors affecting the performance of resistance to impact of wooden flat pallet by finite element simulation and test with wooden flat pallet as the object. The Solidworks software was used to build the 3D model of a wooden flat pallet. Then the ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate the corner drop testing process of the flat pallet according to national standard GB/T 4996-2014. The stress and strain occurring on the wooden components and the pallet nails of the flat pallet were obtained. For comparison, corner drop tests of the wooden flat pallet product were also carried out in the laboratory. During the test, the length of diagonal was measured and the damage was checked.It was observed that the measured results obtained in the finite element simulation and in the experimental tests were identical. The correctness and validity of the finite element simulation analysis was thus verified. The finite element simulation analysis showed that the wooden components and pallet nail at the nail hole produced stress concentration and gradually plastic deformation, and the stress and deformation values increased with the increase of drop times. Both simulation and test showed that the longitudinal beam on the falling side sagged inward and the deformation was the most obvious, and the change amount of the flat pallet diagonal was gradually increased with drop times. The impact resistance of wooden flat pallets decreases with drop times. Properties of wooden components, pallet nails and the joint strength between wooden components and pallet nails are the important factors determining the performance of resistance to impact of wooden flat pallets.