目的 季铵铜（ACQ）防腐剂中的铜离子易流失，会对环境和人类健康造成威胁，通过生物改性技术来改善ACQ的抗流失性及综合性能。方法 采用离子交联法制备纳米壳聚糖溶液，并对ACQ防腐木进行改性，考察纳米壳聚糖−ACQ复合处理后防腐木的抗流失性及物理特性。结果 当壳聚糖与三聚磷酸钠溶液的质量比为5∶1时，壳聚糖纳米粒子的平均粒径为376 nm；纳米壳聚糖与铜离子优良的螯合性使铜离子的固着率从87.89%提升至95.35%；热重结果表明，纳米壳聚糖−ACQ复合处理后木材在600 ℃时的炭残留率为22.03%，处理后木材表面的水接触角达到69.5°。结论 采用纳米壳聚糖−ACQ复合处理木材后，铜的抗流失性、热稳定性和疏水性能均得到显著提升。

Copper ions in Alkaline Copper Quaternary (ACQ) preservatives are easy to lose, which threaten the environment and human health. In this paper, the anti-loss and comprehensive performance of ACQ are improved through biological modification technology. Chitosan was used as the research object and the nano-chitosan solution was prepared by ion cross-linking method. ACQ anticorrosive wood was modified by nano-chitosan and the anti-loss and physical properties were investigated. The results show that when the mass ratio of chitosan solution to sodium tripolyphosphate is 5∶1, the diameter of nano-chitosan particles is 376 nm; the fixation rate of copper ions is increased from 87.89% to 95.35%. The residual rate of nano-chitosan modified ACQ anticorrosive wood at 600 ℃ is 22.03%, and the water contact angle is 69.5°. Meanwhile, the anti-loss, thermal stability and hydrophobic properties of nano-chitosan modified ACQ anticorrosive wood have been significantly improved.