目的 解决当前低温生物转运箱多采用蓄冷剂作为冷源，温度升高不可逆、易受外界环境影响等问题。方法 设计并搭建一台基于微型蒸汽压缩式制冷系统的智能便携式低温生物转运箱，对其进行降温和循环测试实验，并通过多项式拟合的方法提高数显温度的精确性与可靠性。结果 当设定温度为−20 ℃时，初次降温时间为2.9 h，单次循环时间为104 min，腔体内壁面与内中空环境传热温差在3 ℃左右，内环境温度变化较为稳定。结论 所设计的转运箱可以长时间保存生物材料，同时在包装运输过程中，实现对内部温度的实时监测、控制等远程交互功能。

This paper aims to solve the problems of rising temperature irreversibly and easily affected by the external environment, which result from cold storage agent as the cold source in current low-temperature biological transfer boxes. An intelligent portable low-temperature biological transfer box based on a micro vapor compression refrigeration system was designed and built,, the cooling and cyclic test experiments were conducted, and the accuracy and reliability of the digital display temperature were improved through the polynomial fitting. When −20 °C is set, the first cooling time is 2.9 h, the single cycle time is 104 min, the temperature difference is about 3 °C between the inner wall of the cavity and the hollow environment. The internal environment temperature change is relatively stable. The designed transfer box can store biological materials for a long time, realize real-time monitoring and control of internal temperature and remote interactive functions during packaging and transportation.