目的 提出一种用于工程计算的金属橡胶数值模拟方法，为制备缓冲性能良好的金属橡胶材料提供了理论基础。方法 建立金属橡胶减振器有限元模型，由Sprng-Dampr165单元定义金属橡胶材料;通过数值模拟，计算了不同负载质量对其抗冲击特性的影响，并对其进行可行性分析。结果 有限元结果表明，响应加速度峰值在负载质量为4.2 kg时，最大误差为27.72%;在负载质量为9.8 kg时，最大误差为38.15%，试验结果与有限元结果趋势相同，验证了其可行性。结论 当冲击载荷较小时，提出的数值模拟方法在模拟金属橡胶减振器的抗冲击特性时有着较好的表现。

The work aims to propose a numerical simulation method of metal rubber for engineering calculation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for preparing metal rubber materials with good damping properties. A finite element model of metal rubber damper was established, and the metal rubber material was defined by Sprng-Dampr165 element. Through numerical simulation, the effect of different load masses on the shock resistance was calculated, and the feasibility was analyzed comparatively. According to the finite element results, the maximum error of response acceleration peak was 27.72% when the load mass was 4.2 kg. When the load mass was 9.8 kg, the maximum error was 38.15%, and the test results had the same trend as the finite element results, which verified the feasibility. When the impact load is small, the proposed numerical simulation method has a good performance in simulating the shock resistance of metal rubber damper.