目的 为降低装配车间线边物料配送及库存管理成本，提高配送环节对生产节拍变动的适应性，设计一种针对关键工位重点物料的动态配送方法。方法 首先，采用K-means算法考虑物料价值、包装体积、通用性进行初步分类，结合需求变异系数确定出关键工位重点物料;其次，结合发动机装配线生产特点，设计基于动态配送时间和数量的物料配送方法，并建立包括运输成本和线边库存成本的配送总成本模型;最后，通过Flexsim软件搭建生产物流仿真模型，分别模拟Z车间现有配送方法和所设计方法进行对比验证。结果 实行动态配送后，重点物料的平均库存容量和持有库存成本均得到有效降低，最大降幅分别为23.91%和23.96%。结论 结果表明所提方法能够提高车间物料管理的针对性，降低总配送成本，提升配送系统的柔性化。

The work aims to design a dynamic distribution method for important materials at key stations in order to reduce the cost of material distribution and inventory management on the line of assembly workshop and improve the adaptability of distribution link to the change of production tempo. Firstly, the K-means algorithm was adopted to conduct a preliminary classification according to material value, packaging volume and universality, and the important materials at key stations were determined in combination with the coefficient of variation of demand. Secondly, the material distribution method based on dynamic distribution time and quantity was designed according to the characteristics of engine assembly line, and the total distribution cost model including transportation cost and line inventory cost was established. Finally, the production logistics simulation model was built through Flexsim software to simulate the existing distribution method and the designed method in Z workshop respectively for comparative verification. After the implementation of dynamic distribution, the average inventory capacity and holding inventory cost of important materials were effectively reduced, with the maximum decrease of 23.91% and 23.96% respectively. The proposed method can improve the pertinence of workshop material management, reduce the total distribution cost and improve the flexibility of distribution system.