目的 为减缓界面聚合反应速率，使聚合过程可控，以制备结构和性能稳定的反渗透膜。方法 提出一种新的含缓冲层的自由界面聚合工艺(Buffer Layer Free Interfacial Polymerization，BLIP)来实现聚合速率的控制，研究单体浓度和反应时间对BLIP膜结构和性能的影响，选用硫酸钠(Na2SO4)和氯化钠(NaCl)测试BLIP膜的脱盐性和耐氯性。结果 当间苯二甲胺(m-xylylenediamine，m-XDA)与均苯三甲酰氯(trimesoyl chloride，TMC)质量分数分别为0.6%，0.3%时，BLIP膜对硫酸钠(Na2SO4)和氯化钠(NaCl)的脱盐率最佳，分别为92.55%，83.99%，水通量分别为8.30，9.15 L/(m².h)。当膜在活性氯浓度为1 g/L的NaClO溶液中浸泡12 h后，Na2SO4和NaCl的脱盐率均保持在72%以上。结论 添加缓冲层提高了TMC在油相的分散均匀性，减缓了界面聚合速率，显著提高了BLIP膜的性能。文中提出了一种新颖、节能、简单的反渗透膜制备工艺，为促进界面聚合工艺的发展提供了新的思路。

The purpose of this study is to produce reverse osmosis membrane with stable structure and performance by decreasing the reaction rate of interfacial polymerization and controlling the polymerization process. This study proposed a novel buffer layer free interfacial polymerization (BLIP) to adjust the polymerization rate, and investigated the effect of the monomer concentration and reaction time on the structure and performance of BLIP membranes, and then tested the desalination and chlorine resistance of the BLIP membranes by the usage of Na2SO4 and NaCl. When the mass concentration of m-xylylenediamine (m-XDA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) were 0.6% and 0.3% respectively, the desalination rates of the BLIP membranes to Na2SO4 and NaCl are the best, which are 92.55% and 83.99% respectively, andthe water flux were 8.30 L/(m2.h) and 9.15 L/(m2.h) respectively. The desalination rates of BLIP membranes to Na2SO4 and NaCl remained above 72% when the membrane was immersed in NaClO solution with active chlorine concentration of 1 g/L for 12 h. The introduction of buffer layer improved the dispersion uniformity of TMC in oil phase, slowed the interface polymerization rate, and significantly enhanced the performance of the BLIP membranes. Therefore, this study proposed a novel, energy saving, simple reverse osmosis membrane preparation process, which provided a new approach for the development of interfacial polymerization process.