目的 为了分析液氨储罐纯液体泄漏后的事故影响，探究液氨纯液体泄漏量的计算。方法 针对液氨储罐(卧罐、球罐及立式罐)液体泄漏罐压变化及不同类型储罐结构特征导致液面面积变化的特点，利用范德瓦尔斯方程和流体力学方法，建立液氨储罐液体泄漏模型。利用模型对3种液氨储罐液体泄漏进行数值模拟，对比PHAST计算与模型模拟结果。结论 结果发现液面高度hv,s,h的下降呈现先减缓后增大的趋势，泄漏质量流率Qm-v,s,h的下降幅度及泄漏质量mv,s,h呈现先增加后减缓的趋势。泄漏初始时刻，Qm-v,s,h值最大，分别为0.555，0.553，0.552 kg/s;泄漏停止时，mv,s,h值最大，分别为11.245 846，11.084 621，7.730 932 t。模型计算结果与PHAST模拟结果规律相似，Qm-v,s,h(max)的偏差较小，介于16.577%～16.667%;mv,s,h偏差差别较大，立式罐、球罐及卧罐泄漏液体质量偏差分别为4.565%，5.764%和17.630%。结论 根据各参数的变化规律可得，模型适于计算液氨储罐液体泄漏及风险分析。

This paper aims to scientifically analyze the impact of the pure liquid leakage accident and explore the leakage calculation of pure liquid ammonia from the liquid ammonia storage tank. Based on Van der Waals equation and fluid mechanics method, the liquid leakage model of liquid ammonia tank was established considering the tank pressure change of liquid leakage in liquid ammonia tank (vertical tank, horizontal tank and spherical tank) and the characteristics of different types of tank structure features resulting in the change of liquid surface area. Numerical simulation of liquid leakage for three liquid ammonia tanks was performed by the model, which were then compared with PHAST simulation results.The results show that the decreased range of liquid level height hv,s,h decreases slowly and then increases fastly, the decreased range of liquid leakage mass flow rate Qm-v,s,h, as well as the increased range of liquid leakage mass mv,s,h, decreases gradually and slowly. At the beginning of the leakage, the Qm-v,s,h reached the maximum values of 0.555, 0.553, and 0.552 kg/s; at the end of leakage when tank leaks, mv,s,h reached the maximum values of 11.245 846, 11.084 621, and 7.730 932 t, respectively. Model calculation results are similar to PHAST simulation results, the deviation of Qm-v,s,h(max) was small and in the range of 16.577%～16.667%, while the deviation of mv,s,h was relatively large, and the deviation of leakage liquid mass in vertical tank, spherical tank and horizontal tank were 4.565%, 5.764% and 17.630% respectively. From the analysis of parameters' variation, these model is suitable for calculation of liquid leakage in liquid ammonia tank and its risk analysis.