目的 制备水滑石/聚乳酸复合抗菌膜，合成一种广谱的抗菌材料，为食品包装领域提供更广阔的应用前景。方法 以锌铝水滑石(ZnAl-LDH)和对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzoic，PHBA)为抗菌材料，采用焙烧还原法得到对羟基苯甲酸插层水滑石(ZnAl-PHBA-LDH)，通过溶剂挥发法制备不同浓度的ZnAl-PHBA-LDH/聚乳酸抗菌膜(ZPL/PLA)，并研究膜的表观形貌、力学性能、抗菌性能和降解性能。结果 ZPL/PLA整体表观良好，随着ZnAl-PHBA-LDH浓度的增加，其拉伸强度和弹性模量也随之提高，断裂伸长率逐渐降低。当ZnAl-PHBA-LDH的质量分数为15%时，ZPL/PLA对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌的抑菌圈直径分别为12.35，11.24 mm，具有较强的抗菌作用，并且ZPL/PLA在自然条件下可以正常降解。结论 ZPL/PLA有良好的抑菌性能，是一种新型绿色环保抗菌材料。

This study was performed to prepare layered double hydroxides/polylactic acid composite antibacterial film and synthesize a kind of broad-spectrum antibacterial material, so as to provide a broader application prospect in the field of food packaging. ZnAl-LDH and p-hydroxybenzoic (PHBA) acid were used as antibacterial materials, PHBA was inserted into the precursor of ZnAl-LDH by calcination and reduction method, and the obtained ZnAl-PHBA-LDH could be prepared with different concentrations of ZnAl-PHBA-LDH/polylactic acid(ZPL/PLA) by solvent volatile method. The apparent morphology, mechanical properties, antibacterial properties and degradation properties of the film were studied. It showed the overall appearance of ZPL/PLA was good. And as the concentration of ZnAl-PHBA-LDH increased, the tensile strength and Young's modulus increased, and the elongation at break decreased gradually. When the addition amount of ZnAl-PHbA-LDH was 15%, ZPL/PLA had a strong antibacterial effect against Staph aureus and Candida albicans at 12.35 mm and 11.24 mm, respectively, and ZPL/PLA could degrade normally under natural conditions. It is concluded that ZPL / PLA is a new type of environmental protection antibacterial material with good antibacterial properties.