目的 为满足包装箱保温功能技术要求，探究包装箱保温层厚度设计方案。方法 基于低导热系数聚氨酯保温材料，通过傅里叶定律及安全系数理论分析确定包装箱保温层厚度，再对实物包装箱按照GJB 150.4.A—2009《军用装备实验室环境试验方法》进行高低温试验并验证。结果 在高低温试验中，当箱内温度为22.2 ℃，箱外温度为40 ℃时，4 h后箱内最高温度可达29.2 ℃;当箱内温度为25.5 ℃，箱外温度为−30 ℃时，4 h后箱内最低温度降至2 ℃。通过分析，得出箱体内部温度与时间以及箱体温差之间的关系，箱体外部升温1 ℃时，箱体内部升温速率为0.037~0.1 ℃/h;箱体外部降温1 ℃时，降温速率为0.07~0.094 ℃/h。结论 该设计方案能满足包装箱保温功能技术要求。

The work aims to explore the design scheme of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the storage containers to meet the technical requirements on the thermal insulation function of the storage containers. Based on the polyurethane heat preservation materials of low heat conductivity coefficient and according to Fourier's law and theoretical analysis of safety factor, the storage container’s thickness of the insulation layer was determined. Then high and low temperature tests for verification were carried out on the storage containers in accordance with the laboratory equipment environmental test method (GJB 150.4.A—2009). In the high and low temperature test, the monitoring results of the internal sensor of the storage containers were as follows:when the temperature was 22.2 ℃ in the containers and 40 ℃ outside the containers, the maximum temperature in the containers could reach 29.2 ℃ after 4 h; when the temperature I was 25.5 ℃ in the containers and −30 ℃ outside the containers, the lowest temperature in the containers was as low as 2 ℃ after 4 h; through analysis, the relationship between the internal temperature of the containers and the time and the temperature difference of the containers was:when the temperature of the outside of the containers was raised by 1 ℃, the rate of temperature rise inside the containers was 0.037-0.1 ℃/h; when the external temperature of the cabinet was reduced by 1 ℃, the cooling rate was 0.07-0.094 ℃/h. The designing scheme proposed meets the technical requirements on thermal insulation function of the storage containers.