目的 总结二氧化硅(SiO2)/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法以及应用等最新研究进展。方法 分别从物理法、化学法两大类对国内外SiO2/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法优缺点进行阐述总结，并结合SiO2的特点对其应用现状进行详细描述。结果 两大方法中，化学法所制备的SiO2/聚合物纳米复合材料分散性好、功能多样、性能高，是目前制备SiO2/聚合物纳米复合材料的最常用方法。SiO2/聚合物纳米复合材料在多功能涂料涂层以及生物医学和环境等领域具有重要应用。结论 SiO2/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法日趋完善，但在其制备过程中依然存在部分问题尚未解决;对SiO2颗粒进行化学接枝和表面改性，改善其在聚合物材料中的分散，可以进一步改善和拓宽SiO2/聚合物纳米复合材料的应用范围，这也是未来SiO2研究的重要发展方向之一。

The work aims to summarize the latest research progress in the preparation and application of SiO2/polymer nanocomposite. The advantages and disadvantages in the preparation methods of SiO2/polymer nanocomposites at home and abroad were expounded and summarized respectively from the physical and chemical methods, and the application status of SiO2 was described in detail combined with its characteristics. Among the two methods, the SiO2/polymer nanocomposite prepared by chemical method showed good dispersion, various functions and high performance and the chemical method was currently the most commonly used method. SiO2/polymer nanocomposites had important applications in the fields of multifunctional paint coatings, biomedicine and environment. The preparation method of SiO2/polymer nanocomposites is becoming more and more perfect, but there are still some problems that have not been solved in the process. The application of SiO2/polymer nanocomposites can be further improved and broadened by improving the dispersion of SiO2 particles in polymer materials through chemical grafting and surface modification, which is also one of the important development directions of SiO2 research in the future.