目的 为降低鸡蛋在流通过程中的破损率，利用有限元法分析鸡蛋在振动条件下缓冲包装系统的响应特性，以选择其缓冲包装结构。方法 通过鸡蛋压缩实验，测试鸡蛋的破损强度，并分析鸡蛋的流通环境，确定振动的类型、频率和幅值;以聚苯乙烯泡沫(Expanded Polystyrene，EPS)为缓冲材料，选用2种缓冲结构，建立基于流-固耦合特性的鸡蛋缓冲包装系统有限元模型，分析不同缓冲厚度下2种结构的振动特性。结果 通过压缩试验测定鸡蛋破损强度极限值为5.3 MPa，为有限元分析提供评价条件。有限元仿真结果表明，结构І应力普遍大于10 MPa，不利于鸡蛋的保护，同等厚度下结构Ⅱ的应力明显减小;采用结构Ⅱ且缓冲厚度δ＞3 mm时可避免鸡蛋在振动过程中发生破损。结论 有限元仿真可快速、有效评估鸡蛋缓冲包装，选取较为有益的缓冲结构，提升鸡蛋流通中的安全性。

The work aims to analyze the response characteristics of cushion packaging system for eggs under vibration conditions by finite element method to choose the cushion packaging structure, so as to reduce the breakage rate of eggs in distribution. Firstly, the breakage strength of eggs was confirmed by the compression test and the type, frequency and amplitude of vibration were determined by analyzing the distribution environment of eggs. Then, the finite element models of the egg cushion packaging system based on fluid-solid coupled characteristics were established by two cushion structures, with EPS (Expanded Polystyrene) as the cushion packaging material, to analyze the vibration characteristics of two structures under different cushioning thickness. The ultimate breakage strength of eggs determined through compression test was 5.3 MPa, providing evaluation conditions for finite element analysis. The results of finite element simulation showed that the stress of structure I was generally greater than 10 MPa, which was not conducive to protecting eggs, and the stress of structure II was significantly reduced under the same thickness. Structure II with the cushioning thickness＞3 mm could protect eggs from distribution vibration. Finite element simulation can evaluate egg cushion package quickly and effectively to select more beneficial cushioning structure, and improve the safety of egg during distribution.