目的 为确保食品包装的安全性，延长货架期，采用科学系统的方法来评价食品包装的安全性和经济性，解决在食品包装中看重设计、轻视安全性评价的问题。方法 通过对食品包装要素、包装技术方法、包装工艺和流通环境等因素对食品安全影响的定性分析，建立影响食品安全的因果关系鱼骨图。运用关联矩阵的方法对食品包装系统进行定量分析，以牛奶包装为例，选择3种不同的包装方法对牛奶进行包装，并利用关联矩阵法对不同的包装体系进行定量计算。结果 根据系统评价结果，得到了利乐砖牛奶、塑料瓶和巴氏杀菌百利包的包装系统评价定量分别为5.0分、3.7分和2.6分，通过系统评价定量，可以直观反映各食品包装系统安全性的差异。结论 通过因果关系和关联矩阵的定性定量结合方法对系统进行评价，能够为食品包装安全系统的构建提供有力的数据和理论支持。

The work aims to evaluate the safety and economy of food packaging scientifically and systematically, and solve the problem that food packaging pays more attention to design than safety evaluation, so as to ensure the safety of food packaging and extend the shelf life. Based on the qualitative analysis of the impact of food packaging elements, packaging technique, packaging technology and circulation environment on food safety, a fishbone diagram of causal relationship affecting food safety was established. The method of correlation matrix was used for quantitative analysis of food packaging system. Taking milk packaging as an example, three different packaging methods were selected for milk packaging, and the quantitative calculation of different packaging systems was carried out by the method of correlation matrix. According to the system evaluation results, the evaluation quantitative of Tetra Pak brick milk, plastic bottle and pasteurized baler were 5.0, 3.7 and 2.6 respectively. The safety difference of each food packaging system could be directly reflected through the system evaluation quantitative. The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the system through causality and correlation matrix can provide strong data and theoretical support for the construction of food packaging safety system.