目的 为了节约木材资源，降低包装箱的生产成本，优化某型机电产品木质包装箱的结构尺寸。方法 根据产品的外形尺寸、质量分布和运输要求，利用UG软件设计木质包装箱的结构，将其主要承载构件――枕木和纵梁的三维模型导入Ansys Workbench中，然后建立枕木和纵梁的优化模型进行迭代分析求解，获得枕木和纵梁截面尺寸、最大挠度和体积的最优解，再对优化前后的枕木和纵梁结构进行有限元分析比较。结果 在满足弯曲强度和刚度的条件下，枕木的最优截面宽度和高度为0.044 m和0.032 m，纵梁的最优截面宽度和高度为0.148 m和0.158 m；优化后枕木和纵梁的总体积分别降低了41.324%和8.661%，包装箱总质量降低了34.79 kg，实现了减少木材用量的优化目标。结论 合理增大枕木和纵梁的截面高度可提高其刚度，适当减小枕木和纵梁的截面宽度可显著降低其体积和质量。

The work aims to optimize the structure size of the wooden packaging box of a mechanical and electrical product for saving wood resources and reducing production cost of packaging boxes. The structure of the wooden pack-aging box was designed by UG according to the overall dimension, quality distribution and transportation requirements of the product. The 3D models of sleepers and longitudinal beams, which were the main load-bearing parts, were imported into Ansys Workbench. Then, the optimization models of sleepers and longitudinal beams were established for iterative analysis and solution to obtain the optimal solution of cross-section size, maximum deflection and volume of sleepers and longitudinal beams. Finally, the finite element analysis and comparison of sleepers and longitudinal beams were carried out before and after optimization. The optimal section width and height of the sleeper were 0.044 m and 0.032 m, and the optimal section width and height of the longitudinal beam were 0.148 m and 0.158 m under the condition of meeting the bending strength and rigidity. The total volume of the optimized sleepers and longitudinal beams were reduced by 41.324% and 8.661%, respectively, and the total mass of the packaging box was reduced by 34.79 kg, which realized the optimization goal of reducing wood consumption. Reasonable increase of cross-section height of sleepers and longitudi-nal beams can improve their rigidity, and the proper decrease of their cross-section width can significantly reduce their volume and mass.