目的 获得基于纳米颗粒增强的冲击吸能材料。方法 基于剪切增稠液体技术，将纳米微球分散于多元醇基体中，制备中低密度的软质聚氨酯泡沫材料，利用SEM、SHPB、落锤冲击和爆炸冲击波试验分析材料的结构、冲击吸能特性和冲击波衰减特性。结果 纳米微球增强聚氨酯泡沫材料具有优异的冲击吸能特性和冲击波衰减能力。结论 纳米微球增强聚氨酯泡沫材料可以应用于护具装备、缓冲包装和冲击波防护领域。

The work aims to obtain the impact energy absorption materials enhanced by nano-particles. Based on the shear thickening fluid technology, nano-microsphere was dispersed in polyol and soft middle-density polyurethane foams were prepared. SEM, SHPB, drop hammer impact test and explosive shock wave test were used to analyze the structure, impact energy absorption and shock wave attenuation of the foams. The results indicated that nano-microsphere enhanced polyurethane foams had excellent impact energy absorption and shock wave attenuation. The said foams can be applied in protective gear, cushioning packaging and shock wave protection area.