目的 为了提高柔版印刷过程中套印误差的检测精度。方法 分析了柔版印刷产生套印误差的主要原因，并提出了一种基于机器视觉的套印误差检测方法。首先进行工业相机的标定，获取原始的“十”字圆环标记图像，采用融合滤波算法对图像进行预处理，对预处理后图像进行数据分析时，提出一种二次分割算法进行图像色彩分离；再使用模板匹配算法进行模板匹配，获取偏差数据进行套印偏差分析。结果 使用该算法在实验中对5组标记图像的轴向、纵向检测误差，均控制在0.03 mm以内，符合行业检测误差在0.2 mm以内的检测标准。结论 提出的基于视觉的套印误差检测方法具有识别准确率高、处理速度快的特点，能可靠稳定地运行，具有一定的可行性。

The paper aims to improve the detection accuracy of overprint error in flexographic printing. In this paper, the main causes of overprint error in flexographic printing were analyzed, and a method of overprint error detection based on machine vision was proposed. Firstly, the industrial camera was calibrated to obtain the original "cross-shaped" circle marking image, and the image was preprocessed by fusion filtering algorithm. A second segmentation algorithm was proposed for image color separation when the preprocessed image was analyzed by data analysis. Then template matching algorithm was used for template matching to obtain the deviation data for overprint deviation analysis. In the experiment, the axial and vertical detection errors of the five sets of alignment markers were all controlled within 0.03 mm, which was far in line with the detection standard of the industry within 0.2 mm. The visual-based overprint error detection method proposed in this paper has the characteristics of high recognition accuracy, fast processing speed, reliable and stable operation, and has a certain feasibility.