目的 研究球体开孔泡沫铝的相对密度在准静态压缩过程中对球体开孔泡沫铝压缩性能和吸能性能的影响。方法 对准备的3种不同相对密度的泡沫铝试样进行准静态压缩试验。结果 利用相关软件绘制出不同相对密度球体开孔泡沫铝试样的实验曲线，由分析试验曲线可知，当泡沫铝的相对密度从0.35提升到0.392时，球体开孔泡沫铝的屈服强度虽增加了3.2 MPa，但吸能效率的最大值下降了近2.4%。 结论 随着泡沫铝相对密度的提高，其压缩性能越高、抗压强度越高。在同等应变下，高密度泡沫铝比低密度泡沫铝的吸能性能好。泡沫铝相对密度越大，吸能效率的最大值越小，理想吸能效率的最大值也越小。

The work aims to study the effect of relative density of spherical open cell aluminum foam in the quasi-static compression process on the compression properties and energy absorption of spherical open cell aluminum foam. Quasi-static compression experiments were carried out on three prepared aluminum foam samples with different relative densities. The experimental curves of spherical open cell aluminum foam samples with different relative densities were plotted with relevant software. From the analysis of experimental curves, when the relative density of aluminum foam increased from 0.35 to 0.392, the yield strength of spherical open cell aluminum foam increased by 3.2 MPa, but the maximum energy absorption efficiency decreased by nearly 2.4%. With the increase of relative density of aluminum foam, the higher the compression properties, the higher the compressive strength. Under the same strain, the aluminum foam with higher density has better energy absorption than that with lower density. The higher the relative density of aluminum foam, the lower the maximum energy absorption efficiency and the maximum ideal energy absorption efficiency.