目的 研究以乙酸锌和氢氧化钠为原料，利用水热合成法制备纳米氧化锌的最佳工艺条件及抗菌性能。方法 以纳米氧化锌的粒径和形貌为评价指标，讨论合成条件对产物的影响；基于单因素设计响应面实验，以抑菌圈直径为响应值，分析抑菌效果较好的纳米氧化锌的制备条件。结果 在水热温度为111.14 ℃，反应时间为10 h，乙酸锌浓度为0.02 mol/L时制备的纳米氧化锌的抗菌效果最好，大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径为（17.265±0.011）mm。结论 水热温度、水热时间和前驱体浓度会影响纳米氧化锌的粒径和形貌；水热温度和前驱体浓度是影响纳米氧化锌抑菌性的显著因素，水热时间是非显著因素。

The work aims to study the optimum technological conditions and antibacterial properties of nano-ZnO particles prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, with zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials. The particle size and morphology of nano-ZnO particles were used as evaluation indicators to discuss the influence of synthesis conditions on the product. Based on the single-factor design response surface experiment, with the diameter of the inhibition zone as the response value, the preparation conditions of nano-ZnO particles with good antibacterial effect were analyzed. The nano-ZnO particles prepared under the following conditions had the best antibacterial effect: the hydrothermal temperature of 111.14 ℃, the reaction time of 10 h, and the concentration of zinc acetate of 0.02 mol/L. The inhibition zone diameter of escherichia coli was (17.265±0.011) mm. The hydrothermal temperature, hydrothermal time and precursor concentration affect the particle size and morphology of nano-ZnO particles. Hydrothermal temperature and precursor concentration are significant factors affecting the antibacterial activity of nano-ZnO particles. Hydrothermal time is not a significant factor.