目的 研究温度、酒精度和时间对陶瓷包装材料中重金属铅和镉向白酒迁移的影响规律，并对其进行迁移动力学分析。方法 在避光、20 ℃和40 ℃温度条件下，用酒精体积分数为38%和53%的2种白酒溶液浸泡陶瓷制品表面一定时间，萃取陶瓷制品表面溶出的铅和镉，微波消解后用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪进行测定。结果 当温度升高时，重金属铅、镉向白酒的迁移量也增加，迁移速率与温度成正比；当酒精度升高时，铅的迁移量则减少，而镉的迁移量增加；根据迁移动力学分析，重金属铅、镉的迁移量与时间的平方根呈线性相关关系。结论 陶瓷包装材料中重金属向白酒的迁移是一个以离子交换为主的扩散控速过程。

The work aims to study the law of influence of temperature, alcoholic strength and time on the migration of heavy metals (lead and cadmium) in the ceramic packaging materials into the white spirits and carry out analysis on their migration dynamics. Under the condition of avoiding light, and at 20 ℃ and 40 ℃, the surface of ceramic products was soaked in two kinds of white spirits solution with alcohol volume fractions of 38% and 53% for a certain period of time. The lead and cadmium dissolved from the surface of ceramic products were extracted and determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) after microwave digestion. The results showed that, when the temperature rose, the migration of heavy metals (lead and cadmium) into white spirits also increased, and the migration rate was proportional to the temperature. When the alcoholic strength increased, the lead migration decreased, while the cadmium migration increased. According to the analysis of migration dynamics, the migration of lead and cadmium had a linear correlation with the square root of time. The migration of heavy metals in the ceramic packaging materials into white spirits is a process of ion exchange controlled by diffusion.