目的 考虑生鲜农产品保鲜投入的市场正外部性效应，解决供应链成员的“搭便车”问题。方法 以2级生鲜农产品供应链为研究对象，构建有限理性特性下的供应商-零售商保鲜投入演化博弈模型，通过雅克比矩阵求解和MATLAB仿真模拟来分析参与者策略的动态演化过程。结果 供应商与零售商的保鲜投入策略与双方单位投入产出效益密切相关，当该参数取值条件位于不同阈值区间时，系统呈现出多种演化稳定均衡；博弈初始状态、市场敏感度、搭便车收益等因素影响系统最终演化稳定结果的形成。 结论 通过分析生鲜农产品供应链成员的保鲜投入策略，为提高生鲜农产品保鲜水平提供了对策建议。

The paper aims to solve the free-ride problem of supply chain members in view of the positive external market effect of agricultural product fresh-keeping investment. With the secondary fresh agricultural product supply chain as research object, a supplier-retailer fresh-keeping investment evolutionary game model under limited rationality was constructed. The dynamic evolution process of participant strategies was analyzed by the Jacobian matrix solution and MATLAB simulation. The supplier's and retailer's fresh-keeping investment strategy was closely related to the input and output benefits. When the parameters were in different threshold intervals, the system presented multiple evolutionary stable equilibriums. Factors such as the initial state of the game, market sensitivity and free-ride gains would also affect the formation of the system stable outcome. By analyzing the fresh-keeping investment strategies of fresh agricultural product supply chain members, it provides countermeasures and suggestions for improving the fresh-keeping level of fresh agricultural products.