目的 为了准确预测果品通风包装箱内的气流分布和传热传质过程。方法 建立一个包含箱体、衬垫和果品的3D压差预冷数值模型，采用Fluent模拟箱内的速度和温度分布，并与实验值对比验证模型的可靠性。结果 模拟值与实验值两者变化趋势基本吻合，其最大平均相对误差和均方根误差分别为12.2%和1.34 ℃。大量的冷气流进入与开孔位置近的果品一层，从初温预冷到同一目标温度，预冷时间比果品二层缩短了近35.6%。结论 建立的模型能为研究通风包装内部气流分布和传热传质提供参考；包装箱的开孔应均布在包装箱的迎风面上，以确保冷气流均匀地进入各果品层。

The work aims to accurately predict the airflow distribution and heat and mass transfer process inside fruit ventilated package. A 3D forced-air cooling numerical model including package wall, tray and fruits was developed. Fluent was employed to simulate the velocity and temperature distribution in carton, and the reliability of model was validated by comparing with experimental results. There was a good agreement between the simulated and experimental results, and the maximum average relative error and root-mean-square error were 12.2% and 1.34 ℃, respectively. Due to the large amount of cooling airflow through first layer of stacked apples close to the vent position, the pre-cooling time was nearly 35.6% shorter than that in the second layer from initial temperature to the same target temperature. This model can be used as a reference to study airflow distribution and heat and mass transfer inside ventilated package. The vents should be evenly distributed on the windward side of package to ensure the cold airflow through each fruit layer uniformly.