目的 以纳米纤维素/碳纤维复合膜为导电基底，制备纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管超级电容器电极。方法 利用超声处理和真空抽滤制备纳米纤维素/碳纤维复合膜；利用原位聚合法制备聚苯胺和聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料；通过真空抽滤法制备纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺电极和纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管电极。结果 在纳米纤维素/碳纤维复合膜中，碳纤维形成了互穿导电网络结构，是良好的超级电容器电极导电基体；纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管电极具有良好的电化学性能，在扫描速率为5 mV/s的条件下，质量比电容为380.74 F/g，且在1000次循环测试后，电容保留率为88.05%。结论 以纳米纤维素/碳纤维导电复合膜作为基体制备的纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管电极具有良好的电化学性能，可以作为超级电容器电极。

The work aims to prepare the cellulose nanofibers/carbon fibers-polyaniline/carbon nanotubes (CNFs/CFs-PANI/CNTs) supercapacitor electrode, with CNFs/CFs composite film as the conductive substrate. CNFs/CFs composite film was prepared by ultrasonic treatment and vacuum filtration. In-situ polymerization was performed to prepare polyaniline (PANI) and polyaniline/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites. CNFs/CFs-PANI and CNFs/CFs- PANI/CNTs electrodes were prepared through vacuum filtration method. CFs formed conductive interpenetrating networks in the CNFs/CFs composite film, which was a good conductive substrate of supercapacitor electrode. The CNFs/CFs-PANI/CNTs electrodes exhibited good electrochemical performances. When the scan rate was 5 mV/s and the capacitive performance was 380.74 F/g, the stable cycling performance was 88.05% of initial capacitance after 1000 cycles. With the CNFs/CFs conductive composite film as the substrate, the CNFs/CFs-PANI/CNTs electrodes prepared have good electrochemical performance and can be used as the supercapacitor electrodes.