目的 解决荔枝冷藏运输环节中安全风险识别及定性分析的难题。方法 基于因素空间及故障树分析模型（FTA），分析荔枝冷链运输环节的安全事件集、空间结构（工位）集和简约因素集，建立荔枝冷藏运输环节风险因素关系矩阵，通过矩阵运算获取不同空间结构下荔枝运输安全事故发生的基本事件。结果 根据运算求解结果，构建荔枝运输环节的故障树模型，获取了运输环节故障树的最小割集。荔枝冷藏运输事故最小割集数为13个，并分析了各个基本事件的结构重要度。结论 通过研究最小割集及事件的结构重要度，进行荔枝冷链运输环节的安全分析，并提出了促进现场安全管理的对策及建议。

The work aims to solve the problem of safety risk identification and qualitative analysis during the refrigerated transportation of litchi. Based on factor spaces and fault tree analysis (FTA) model, the relation matrix of risk factors in the refrigerated transportation of litchi was constructed based on the analysis of the security event set, spatial structure (work positions) set and simplified factor set in the refrigerated transportation of litchi. Then, the basic events of accidents in the transportation of litchi under different work positions were obtained by matrix operation. With the calculation results, the fault tree model for the litchi transportation was constructed to obtain the minimal cut sets of fault tree during the transportation. There were 13 minimal cut sets for the refrigerated transportation of litchi, and the structural importance of each basic event was analyzed. According to the research on the structural importance of the minimal cut sets and the events, the security in the refrigerated transportation of litchi is analyzed, and the countermeasures and suggestions on promoting the site safety management are put forward.