目的 理清包装垃圾源头减量治理中的各主体博弈关系和动态演化过程，针对包装垃圾源头减量治理提出相关对策和建议。方法 利用演化博弈理论，分析政府、企业和消费者三方在包装垃圾源头减量治理中的演化过程，并选用6组代表性数据通过Matlab软件进行仿真模拟。结果 研究结果表明，在包装垃圾源头减量初期，政府引导起到了明显的主导作用，仅靠适度提高包装企业的补贴并不能促使各方都采取参与策略，因此必须加大对过度包装企业的罚款力度；消费者的环保意识对于系统的均衡结果具有较大影响；企业应调整自身包装策略，做到从承担社会责任中提高经济效益。结论 通过研究包装垃圾源头减量治理中多元利益主体决策行为的演化特征，为包装垃圾源头减量治理提供了对策与建议。

The work aims to clarify the game relationship and dynamic evolution process of each subject in reducing the sources of packaging garbage, and put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions to reduce the source of packaging garbage. The evolutionary game theory was used to analyze the evolution process of government, enterprises and consumers in the source reduction of packaging garbage. Six groups of representative data were selected for the simulation by Matlab software. The research results showed that, in the initial stage of reducing the source of packaging garbage, the government guidance played a significant leading role. The parties could not be made to take the strategy of participation only by moderately improving the subsidies for the packaging enterprises. Therefore, it was necessary to increase the penalty for over-packaged enterprises. Consumers' awareness of environmental protection had a great impact on the equilibrium results of the system. Enterprises should adjust their own packaging strategies so as to increase economic benefits from assuming social responsibilities. Based on the study of the evolution characteristics of the decision-making behavior of multiple stakeholders in the management of the source reduction of packaging garbage, the countermeasures and suggestions for the source reduction of packaging garbage are put forward.