目的 为了解决使用放射性物质运输容器原型在真实环境中进行跌落冲击试验的困难，研究一种缩比模型，使缩比模型可代替原型进行试验。方法 通过量纲分析中的Buckingham“Π定理”，推导出缩比模型容器的比例定律。以简化的圆柱形放射性物质运输容器为例，采用ABAQUS动态显式算法对原型和1/4缩比模型，在事故条件下于9 m高处以底角跌落姿态冲击刚性地面的动态响应进行数值模拟。结果 两模型力学性能（包括关键位置的应变、应力、加速度，以及与刚性地面之间的接触力）的变化规律与理论分析结果具有很好的一致性。结论 在一定缩比范围内，比例定律适用于放射性物质运输容器缩比模型的试验测试，可为原容器的替代试验提供科学依据。

The work aims to study one scale model to replace the prototype for the test, so as to solve the difficulty in the drop impact test for the prototype of radioactive material transportation container. The scaling law for scale model was derived from the Buckingham "Π theorem" in the dimensional analysis. Taking the simplified cylindrical radioactive material transportation container as an example, the dynamic responses of its prototype model and quarter-scale model dropping to (colliding with) the rigid ground were numerically simulated by ABAQUS dynamic display algorithm under the accident conditions, from the height of 9 m with bottom angle drop. The change law of mechanical properties (including the strain, stress and acceleration at key positions as well as the contact force with the rigid ground) was well consistent with the theoretical analysis results. In certain scale range, the scaling law is applicable for the test of scale model of the radioactive material transportation container and can provide scientific basis for the alternative experiment of original container.