目的 探讨各因素（液比（稻草绝干原料质量与水的质量之比）、蒸煮温度、保温时间、氢氧化钠用量）对稻草纤维制备工艺的影响，研究采用稻草纤维制备模塑包装材料的可行性。方法 采用单因素法探究各因素对稻草纤维分离工艺的影响，通过力学性能测试和电镜扫描等手段对秸秆纤维进行分析。结果 确定了最佳的稻草纤维制备工艺，液比为1︰5，蒸煮温度为100 ℃，保温时间为90 min，NaOH用量（用量指占稻草绝干原料质量的比例）为8%。该工艺下的粗浆得率为73.97%，裂断长为6254.05 m，弯曲强度为76.13MPa，弹性模量为6813.71MPa。从SEM图可以看出，经碱处理后纤维结合得较为紧密。结论 经碱处理后的稻草秸秆纤维纸板结构紧密，力学性能得到了很大提升，可以取代废纸制备的纸板；在处理过程中NaOH用量和蒸煮温度对材料性能的影响较大，且应尽量避免浆料中碳水化合物的降解。

The work aims to study the influence of various factors (liquid ratio (the ratio of mass of oven dry material to that of the water), cooking temperature, holding time and sodium hydroxide) on the preparation process of rice straw fiber, and the feasibility of producing functional molded packaging materials with rice straw fiber. The single factor method was used to study the influence of various factors on the straw fiber separation process. The straw fibers were analyzed by the test of mechanical properties and electron microscope scanning. The optimum straw fiber preparation process was determined. The liquid ratio was 1︰5, the cooking temperature was 100 ℃, the holding time was 90 min and the amount of NaOH was 8% (the amount indicated the ratio of such drug to the mass of the oven dry material of the rice straw). The coarse pulp yield of the process was 73.97%, the fracture length was 6254.05 m, the bending strength was 76.13 MPa and the elastic modulus was 6813.71 MPa. From the SEM images, it could be seen that the fibers bound more closely after alkali treatment. The alkali-treated straw fiberboard has compact structure and greatly improved mechanical properties, and it can replace the paperboard prepared from waste paper. In the treatment process, the NaOH amount and the cooking temperature have a great influence on the material properties, and the carbohydrate degradation in the slurry should be avoided as much as possible.