目的 线上包装时准确地对带有花纹且背景灰度和裂纹灰度相近的瓷砖表面缺陷进行检测。方法 设计合理的检测机构，选择合适的软硬件，设计各模块的组成；针对裂纹的轮廓难以通过各种算子提取的问题，在自适应形态学预处理后，通过小波变换与形态学融合的差影法提取裂纹边缘、花纹及部分背景信息，筛除掉难以处理的花纹与背景区域。结果 成功得到了缺陷轮廓及对应参数，经对比漏检率为0.02，过检率为0.05。结论 该系统准确率较高，能够满足要求。

The work aims to detect the surface defects of ceramic tiles with patterns and similar background gray and crack gray during online packaging. A reasonable detection mechanism was designed, suitable software and hardware were selected and compositions of each module were designed. With respect to the problem that it was hard to extract the crack contour through various kinds of operators, after the preprocessing of adaptive morphology, the crack edges, patterns and some background information were extracted in the difference image method through the fusion of wavelet transform and morphology, and then the patterns and background areas hard to process were eliminated. The defect profile and corresponding parameters were successfully obtained. Through comparison, the misdetection rate was 0.02 and the detection rate was 0.05. The system has a higher accuracy and can meet needs.