目的 研究振动电机的激励对卸料装置在满载工况下卸料时产生的影响，并对卸料装置振动特性进行优化。方法 采用SolidWorks对卸料装置建模，运用Ansys Workbench软件分析其前8阶固有频率和模态振型，找到其结构薄弱区，对比分析外部激振频率与卸料装置固有频率是否共振，以卸料装置薄弱区为参考，来优化振动电机的安装位置。结果 由模态分析得，卸料装置第7阶固有频率在共振区内，可能会导致卸料装置共振；结合谐响应分析确定了卸料装置第1, 4, 5阶固有频率附近的振幅位移最大，同时得出振动电机在E, F, G处安装位置下，卸料装置响应构件的最大振幅位移分别为1.8, 1.86, 1.9 mm。结论 通过综合分析得出，在卸料装置上施加外界激振频率时应避开16 Hz和33 Hz，同时可知振动源安装在F处最优，为卸料装置在实际设计和制造过程中提供必要的依据。

The work aims to study the influence of vibration motor excitation on the unloading of unloading device under full load, and optimize the vibration characteristics of the unloading device. The unloading device was modeled by SolidWorks, and the natural frequencies and modal shapes of the first 8 orders were analyzed by Ansys Workbench software to find the weak structure area. Taking the weak area of the unloading device as reference, the installation position of the vibration motor was optimized by comparing and analyzing whether the external excitation frequency and the natural frequency of the unloading device resonated. The modal analysis showed that the seventh order natural frequency of the unloading device was in the resonance region, which might lead to the resonance of the unloading device. Integrated with the harmonic response analysis, the amplitude displacement near the natural frequency of the first, fourth and fifth orders of the unloading device was the largest and the maximum amplitude displacement of the response component of the unloading device was 1.8, 1.86 and 1.9 mm when the vibration motor was respectively installed at E, F and G. Through comprehensive analysis, it is concluded that 16 Hz and 33 Hz should be avoided when the external excitation frequency is applied on the unloading device, and the vibration source installed at F could be optimal. This can provide the necessary basis for the unloading device in the actual design and manufacturing process.